The Danger of Executive Overreach: The Case of Dropping Corruption Charges Against Mayor Eric Adams

By Prof. Indrajit S Saluja
By Prof. Indrajit S. Saluja

The American democratic experiment, as envisioned by the founding fathers, was predicated on a system of governance rooted in the principle of checks and balances. By distributing power among three co-equal branches—the Executive, the Legislature, and the Judiciary—they sought to protect the nascent republic from the concentration of power that had led to tyranny in the old world. In their wisdom, they foresaw the dangers of an overreaching government and ensured that no single branch could function without being held accountable by the others.

But this balance, once the pride of the American system, now appears dangerously frayed. The second term of President Donald Trump has brought into sharp focus the creeping—and now galloping—centralization of power in the Executive branch. The recent decision by the Trump administration to drop the corruption case against New York City Mayor Eric Adams exemplifies this alarming trend. In doing so, the administration has not only overridden serious investigative processes but also ignored the collective voice of public opinion. The implications of this are profound and deeply troubling.

This isn’t just about one case or one mayor. It is about the slow erosion of democratic norms and the growing tendency of the Executive to function as judge, jury, and kingmaker. A few months ago, The Indian Panorama noted with concern that the United States—often described as the world’s greatest democracy—was increasingly beginning to resemble an oligarchy, one in which power is concentrated in the hands of a few, with minimal regard for transparency, fairness, or the rule of law. That warning rings even louder today.

In democratic societies, the rule of law is paramount. The judiciary serves as the guardian of that law, ensuring that no individual—however powerful—is above it. When the Executive branch interferes with or outright nullifies judicial processes, it undermines the very foundation of democracy. The dropping of serious corruption charges against a political figure—particularly one seen to be close to or useful to the ruling administration—raises disturbing questions. Was the decision based on merit, or was it a politically motivated maneuver aimed at consolidating influence and rewarding loyalty?

It is worth remembering that the charges against Mayor Adams were not trivial. They involved serious allegations of misuse of public funds, campaign finance violations, and unethical associations with foreign entities. Federal investigators had spent months building the case, collecting evidence, and issuing subpoenas. The public, too, had taken note, with numerous editorials, civic organizations, and watchdog groups calling for accountability and a fair trial. Yet, in one sweeping move, the Trump administration’s Department of Justice dropped the charges—without a satisfactory explanation, and certainly without public consultation.

This is not an isolated incident. In recent months, we have witnessed a disturbing pattern: presidential pardons being issued not as acts of mercy or justice, but as political tools. Allies, donors, and former aides—many of them convicted on serious charges—have found themselves the beneficiaries of executive clemency. Meanwhile, critics and whistleblowers face relentless persecution. The message is clear: loyalty is rewarded, dissent is punished.

This weaponization of executive power threatens to fundamentally alter the nature of American democracy. When the President can bypass the judicial process to protect political allies, when legal accountability becomes a matter of partisan convenience, and when public institutions are turned into instruments of personal power, we move from democracy towards autocracy.

The danger is not merely theoretical. History offers grim lessons. Democracies do not fall overnight; they erode slowly, often under the guise of patriotism, strong leadership, or “draining the swamp.” Institutions are hollowed out from within, norms are discarded, and power becomes increasingly centralized. By the time the public awakens to the change, it is often too late.

The Founding Fathers envisioned a government “of the people, by the people, and for the people.” But today, we must ask: whose government is this? When public opinion is ignored, when legal processes are subverted, and when transparency is sacrificed at the altar of partisanship, we risk becoming a government of the few, by the few, and for the few.

Some may argue that the President is acting within his legal authority. Technically, perhaps. But legality is not the same as legitimacy. A president has the legal power to pardon, to appoint judges, and to direct federal prosecutions. But how those powers are exercised determines the moral and democratic legitimacy of the administration. Power wielded without restraint or accountability—even if legal—can still be tyrannical.

In a functioning democracy, the legitimacy of action is derived not just from the Constitution, but from public trust. When that trust is broken—as it has been in the case of the Adams investigation—governance becomes coercive, not consensual.

So where do we go from here?

First, the people must stay vigilant. Democracy is not self-sustaining; it requires constant engagement from its citizens. Silence and apathy are the allies of autocracy. Every time the Executive oversteps, it must be challenged—not only in courtrooms, but in town halls, newsrooms, and in the ballot box.

Second, the media must continue to serve as the fourth estate, holding power to account. In an age of misinformation and manufactured narratives, investigative journalism remains one of the most powerful tools to expose corruption and abuse of power.

Third, institutions must resist co-optation. From federal prosecutors to career civil servants, from judges to election officials, those who serve the public must remember their duty is to the Constitution, not to any political figure.

Lastly, it is up to Congress to reassert its constitutional authority. The legislative branch must no longer be a silent spectator to executive overreach. Through oversight hearings, subpoenas, and legislation, it must reclaim its role as a check on the presidency.

The United States has long stood as a beacon of democracy for the rest of the world. But that reputation is at risk. The dropping of corruption charges against a politically connected mayor may seem like a minor skirmish in the broader political battlefield. In truth, it is a warning flare—a sign that democratic norms are being sacrificed for expediency and control.

The question before us now is stark: Will America wake up to the danger? Or will it continue to drift into complacency, only to awaken one day and find the democratic republic it cherished has quietly given way to oligarchy—or worse, dictatorship?

History is watching. So are the people. The soul of American democracy depends on what we do next.

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